Which of the following individuals is a founder of Alpha Phi Alpha?

• A. James Smith
• B. Henry Arthur Callis
• C. Clara Barton
• D. Thomas Edison

Answer: (B)

This item identifies a founder of Alpha Phi Alpha. Alpha Phi Alpha was founded in 1906 at Cornell University by seven students who formed the fraternity to promote scholarship, leadership, and service among Black college men. One of those original founders is Henry Arthur Callis, a key organizer who helped establish the fraternity’s ideals and structure alongside his six co-founders. The other founders include Charles Henry Chapman, Eugene Kinckle Jones, George Biddle Kelly, Nathaniel Allison Murray, Robert Harold Ogle, and Vertner Woodson Tandy. The other individuals listed—Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross, and Thomas Edison is famous for his inventions—are notable in other fields, not founders of Alpha Phi Alpha. James Smith is not associated with the founding of this fraternity.